Fuel burner



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Nov.20,l923.

C. A. FRENCH FUEL BURNER Filed Aug. 51. 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 C.A.FRENCHFUEL BURNER mi. 2o, i923. 11,4%@98 Filed Aug. 51. 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 21,474,393 FANT @FFEQEQ CRLES A. FRENCH, OF COLUMBUS, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TOINTERNATIONAL HARVESTER COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION FNEW JERSEY.

FUEL BURNER Application led August BI, 1922. Serial No. 585,423.

To all 'whom z't may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES A. FRENCH, a citizen of the United States,residing at Columbus, in the county of Franklin and State of Ohio, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Fuel Burners, of whichthe following is a full, clear, and exact specification.

My invention relates to fuel burners and particularly to a burner inwhich the fuel is vaporized inthe presence of air by heat from theburner.. My improvedburner is particularly adapted for use withautomotive steam boilers of the flash or semi-flash type and maydischarge its hot gases either downwardly or upwardly over the boilertubes. I prefer placing the burner above the boiler since I have foundthat by so doing Haine from the burner spreads over the lower faceof thevanorizing drum While the burner is in operation and, when it is shutdown, heat from the boiler` and burner keeps the drum hot for a longtime so that the usual pilot light may be dispensed with.

Referring now to the drawings forming a part of this specification: f

Fig. 1 is a vertical section 0n the line 1-1 of'Fig, 2 of a preferredform of my improved burner;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1; v

Fig. 3 is a vertical section of a modifiedl form of burner taken on theline 3-3 of Fi 4 ig.4 is a bottom plan, partly in section, taken on theline 4-4 of Figv.- 3;

Fig. 5 is a plan view of a further modication similar to Figures 3 and4, but4 having a tangential inlet to the vaporizing drum.

The burner shown in Figures 1 and 2 has a circular vaporizing drum 10provided with upper and lower heads 11 and 12. An air supply pipe 12discharges centrally into the drum and has a constricted throat orventuri passage 13 into which the fuel nozzle 14 discharges a spray ofliquid fuel. The liquid fuel and air entering the drum impinges upon atapered burner tube 15 connected to both heads and provided within thedrum with a spiral Hangs or bead 16 which fauses any liquid fuel thatmay impinge thereon to follow a long path around the 'tube so thatitwill be vaporized and'picked up by the air entering through the pipe12'. An

fuel to a nozzle 24 discharging into Vthe opening 17 in the upper head11 communicates with a spiral passage 18 which terminates ina sharp edge18 at the upper end of the burner tube 15. The burner tube is open atits lower end so that flame therefrom will spread out over and heat thelower head 12 of the vaporizing drum. A tube 19 projects into the upperend of the burner tube 15 and serves to restrict the outlet from thespiral ,passage into the burner tube and also serves as a nozzle for anauxillary burner for preheating the burner tube and drum before startingthe main burner. The tube 19 extends upward beyond' the spiral passageand is provided with a flanged cup 20 and a series of perforations 21. Afuel pipe is coiled around the perforated portion 21 of the tube 19above the cup 20 and has a valve 23 controlling the supply of ared upperend 25 of the tube 19. A removable cap 26 covers the auxiliary burnerafter the main burner has been started to prevent the admission ofunheated air to the burner tube.

When it is desired to start the burner, the cover 26 is removed and asmall quantity of light fuel, such as gasoline, is poured into the cup20 and ignited. The pipe 22 soon becomes heated so as to vaporize thefuel therein and the valve 23 is then opened and the vaporized fuelissuing therefrom is ignited in the tube 19 which then operates as ablow torch to heat the burner tube 15 and drum 10. When the burner tubeand drum become heated sufficiently to vaporize fuel and heat the airentering through the pipe 12', air vwill be supplied at low pressure,picking up fuel from the nozzle `141. which will impinge against theburner tube 15 and be vaporized and mixed in the vaporizing drum. Thevaporized mixture of air and fuel passes through the opening 17 intofthespiral passage 18 from where it enters the upper end of the burner 15with a whirling 19@ motion. The'mixture will be ignited in the tube 15by iame from the auxiliary burner or, if preferred, the auxiliary burnermay be turned oft' as soon as the drum is heated and the mixture lightedin the main burner tube me by any other suitable means. AS soon as themain burner is in operation, the cover 26 will be placed over theauxiliarv burner to prevent the admission of additional air which wouldotherwise be induced through Me ing with a drum, a conduit connectingone end of thev 'of flame propagation, thereby preventing back-firingint-o the passage 18 and burner drum. The whirling motion of the burn-`ing mixture in the burner tube continues as the products of combustionare discharged at the lower end, which results in the llame, which is avery short blue llame, being spread by centrifugal force over the lowerhead of the vaporzing drum.

The burner shown 1n-Figures 3 and 4c is quite similar to that shown inFigures 1 and 2, a mixture of fuel and air being supplied through thepipe 30 to a drum 31 having upper and lower heads 32 and 33 throughwhich a tapered burner tube 34 extends. The head 32 has an opening 35communicatpassage 36 which leads from the drum to t e smaller end of theburner tube. The lower wall of the passage 36 has an opening 37 normallyclosed by aA removable cover plate 38. In starting this burner, thecover plate 38 is removed and a blow torch inserted through the opening37 to heat the burner, after which the main burner is started as beforedescribed, the mixture being i nited either through the opening 37 or,if t is opening is first closed, the mixture may be ignited by sparkplug 39.

While I have shown this form of the burner-as discharging the productsof combustion upwardly, it will, of course be understood that thisburner will operate equally well if it discharges downwardly, as inFigure 1.

The burner shown in Figure 5 is in all respects similar to that shown inFigure 4 except that the fuel and air are supplied through an inlet 40which discharges tangentially into the vaporization drum 41.

p Having thus described my invention, what :I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a burner, the combination of a vaporizing drum, a burner tubeextending through the drum, means for supplying fuel and air to the drumto be vaporlzed by heat from the burner tube, means for conducting thevaporized and heated mixture from the drum to one end of the tube, andmeans for igniting the mixture in the tube.

2. In a burner, the combination of a vaporizing drum, burner tubeextending through the drum and feo-axial therewith, means Afor supplyingfuel and vair to the drum with one end of the burner tube, and means forigniting the mixture of air and fuel in the tube.

the combination of a circular drum having a head at each end, a burnertube extending through both heads, means for supplying `a mixture of airand fuel to the drum, a conduit leading from one head of the drum to oneend of the tube for conducting vaporized fuel and air from the drum tothe tube, and means for igniting the mixture in the tube.

4. In a burner, the combination of a circular vdrum having a head ateach end, a Haring burner tube extending through both heads, means forsupplying a mixture of fuel and air to the drum so that it will imingeupon the tube, and a conduit leading rom one head to the smaller end ofthe liaring tube.

5. Ina burner, the combination of a circular drum having upper and lowerheads, a burner tube extending through both heads and open at its lowerend, means for supply-- ing a combustible mixture to the drum, a conduitconnected at one end to the upper head and at the other end to the upperend of the burner tube for supplying vaporized mixture to the tube fromthe drum.

6. In a burner, the combination of a circular drum having upper andlower heads, a burner tube extending through both heads and open at itslower end, means Jor supplying a combustible mixture to the drum, and aspiral conduit connected at one end to the upper head and at the otherend terminating in a sharp edge and communicating with the upper end ofthe tube, whereby vaporized mixture from the drum will have a whirlingmotion in the burner tube.

7. In a burner, the combination of a circular drum having upper andlower heads, a downwardly flaring burner tube extending through bothheads and open at its lower end, means for supplying a combustiblemixture to the drum, and a spiral conduit conthe other end terminatingin a sharp edge and communicating with the upper end of the tube wherebyvaporized mixture from the drum will have a whirling motion in theburner tube. f

8. In a burner, the combination of a circular drum having a head at eachend, a burner tube extending through both heads and having a restrictedthroat at one end, means for supplying a mixture of air and fuel to thedrum, a. conduit leading from one head of the drum to the restrictedthroat of the tube for conducting vaporized fuel and air from. the drumto the tube, and for ignitmg the mixture in the tube.

9. n a burner, the combination of a ein cular drum having larmg burnertube extending through heads, a spiral dang'e on the tube withs drum,means of supplyin a mixture and air to the drinn so t. at it will impupon the tube and unzapcriaed a head at each "l lnected at one end tothe upper head and at will follow the spiral flange around the tube,

and a conduit leading from one head to the smaller end of the Haringtube.

In a burner, the oombination of a, cir- 5 cular drum havinga head ateach end, a,

'flaring burner tube extending through both heads, means for supplyinga, mixture of fue-1 and air to the drum so that it will impinge upon thetube, a conduit leading from one head to the smaller end of the Haring10 tube, and an auxiliary burner for preheating the tube and drum.

In testimony whereof I affix sinature.

CHARLES A. .E CH.

